Sterling sits inside the Wachusett Reservoir watershed, the source of drinking water for roughly 2.7 million people in eastern Massachusetts. The state Watershed Protection Act regulates land use within critical areas near tributaries, wetlands, and surface water throughout that watershed, and Sterling is one of the communities where it applies. Whether it touches your project depends on where your lot sits. Well away from a stream, it usually never comes up. Near one, it can affect where you build and how much impervious surface you add.
Sterling also runs its own municipal utility, the Sterling Municipal Light Department, rather than one of the large investor-owned companies. If your project needs a service upgrade, and older homes here often do once you add a modern kitchen or a second dwelling unit, that goes through SMLD.
Then there is the land itself. Large lots, many of them wooded or sloped, mean site access, drainage, and Conservation Commission review near wetlands come up more often here than on a compact lot in a denser town. Every one of these is manageable. All of them are cheaper to plan for than to discover.